ECOCARDIOGRAPHIC CHANGES IN CHILDREN OF DIABETIC MOTHERS INTERNED IN A NEONATAL ICU

Abstract

Introduction: Pregnancy is a period where various endocrine metabolic changes occur. With the progressive increase of newborn (NB) survival, echocardiography has become an essential tool for a good diagnosis. Objectives: The objective of the present study is to describe the echocardiographic alterations of the children of diabetic mothers and characteristics of these newborns who were admitted in the neonatal intensive care unit. Methods: This is a retrospective descriptive study. The variables were extracted from medical records of patients hospitalized in this period. The sample consisted of 782 medical records, but only 37 were children of mothers with diabetes, from January 2017 to July 2019, using inclusion and exclusion criteria to achieve the proposed objective. Results: It was observed in the study that most women had on average 2-3 pregnancies equivalent to (46%), 13 patients had 1 equivalent pregnancy (35%), and patients with more than 4 pregnancies were 7, totaling an average of (19%). Regarding abortions, 7 patients showed having had an abortion and 30 patients (81%) had no abortion. Of the 37 deliveries performed, 26 of them were cesarean sections equivalent to (70%). 25 babies (68%) were born preterm. Regarding size, 14 newborns (38%) were GIG (large for gestational age). As for the length of the hospital stay among the 37 newborns15 of them (41%) were from 1 to 5 days in hospital, 16 newborns (43%) had to stay 6-10 days in hospital, while 6 (16%) had hospitalization over 11 days. Regarding the echocardiographic changes found in the present study, it is worth mentioning that some of the newborns presented more than one alteration in the exams, which differs in the means found. Conclusion: The changes in the echocardiograms that prevailed were FOP and PCA with a higher incidence in the children of diabetic mothers. Only 5 showed no changes in echocardiograms.