SYPHILIS IN PREGNANCY AND TRANSMISSION

EPIDEMIOLOGICAL PROFILE

Abstract

INTRODUCTION: Syphilis is a disease caused by the bacterium Treponema Pallidum. In pregnant women, if the disease is not diagnosed and adequately treated, it can reach the fetus, contaminating it and causing repercussions on fetal development. This hematogenous spread is called congenital syphilis. Maternal-fetal transmission occurs more frequently with pregnant women with primary and secondary syphilis. OBJECTIVES: To identify the growth rate of Syphilis in the period from 2017 to 2019. METHODS: Retrospective cross-sectional study RESULTS: In the present study, we found 188 patients reported with syphilis between the years 2017 to 2019, these patients were aged between 15 and 43 years, with a mean 24.6 ± 5.9 years. The number of syphilis cases between the years 2017 to 2019 grew by 85%. Despite this high growth, it was not statistically significant; p = 0411. In the present study, 73.4% of pregnant women with syphilis were brown, 1.6% were black and 7.4% were white. Of the notified patients, 82.3% live in an urban area, 60.6% are single and 47.9% have had prenatal care, 34.6% of the notified pregnant women were in the 3rd trimester. There was no information on the use of alcohol, smoking and drugs to be studied. Regarding the clinical classification, 18.6% were found in primary syphilis and 6.9% in latent syphilis. 78.7% of patients had a reagent treponemic test. 38.3% of pregnant women had VDRL ≥ 1/8. The diagnosis of congenital syphilis was found in 34.6% of cases, abortion in 9% of cases and fetal death in 8% of the entire sample. On the treatment of pregnant women: Penicillin 2.4 million in 17.6%, Penicillin 4.8 million in 27.1% and Penicillin 7.2 million in 12.2%. 7.4% of patients received another treatment regimen, therefore, it is considered inappropriate treatment. Regarding the treatment of the partner, only 12.8% of the partners were proven to be treated. CONCLUSION: Of the patients notified in the HMDI, the majority were young (mean age 24.6 years), brown, single and living in an urban area. Regarding the period of pregnancy, 17 patients were in the first trimester, 5 patients in the second trimester and 65 patients in the third trimester. did prenatal care, there was no information about the presence or absence of prenatal care. The number of syphilis cases between the years 2017 to 2019 grew by 85%, 65 cases of congenital syphilis were diagnosed, 17 cases of abortion and 15 cases of fetal death. The treatment was carried out in 12.8% of the partners, 87.2% of the forms did not contain information about the treatment or not of the partners. 107 pregnant women received treatment with Penicillin G Benzatin.